Bacterial Bioprotectants: Biocontrol Traits and Induced Resistance to Phytopathogens

Plant growth and nutrition are adversely affected by various factors such as water stress, high temperature, plant pathogens. Plant-associated microbes play a vital role in the development of their hosts under biotic abiotic stresses. The use rhizosphere microbiome for stimulation biological control fungal disease can lead to improved crop productivity. Mechanisms used plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) protect plants from soilborne pathogens include antibiosis, production lytic enzymes, indole-3 acetic acid production, decreasing ethylene levels secreting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, competition nutrients niches, parasitism induced systemic resistance. In this review, we emphasize root-associated discuss traits involved pathogen reduction. Future research should focus on effect root exudation plant–pathogen interactions factors. Moreover, microbial fungicides with longer shelf lives will help farmers opt organic agriculture, reducing chemical fertilizers. This trend is expected drive adoption methods agriculture. future prospects diseases bright an increasingly important sustainable